Reaching Critical Will

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Conference on Disarmament

General Assembly First Committee

UN Disarmament Commission

Special Session on Disarmament

Model Nuclear Inventory 2007
Greece

Amount, Location, and Details of US Nuclear Weapons Deployment/Storage
Location and capability of nuclear facilities
Fissile material holdings
Nuclear activities
International non-proliferation efforts
Positions taken in international fora on various issues of disarmament

1. Amount, Location, and Details of US Nuclear Weapon Deployment/Storage

Nuclear Weapons Storage Sites

In the spring of 2001,20 B61 bombs were airlifted out of the Araxos Air Base after 40 years of US nuclear weapons deployment to Greece. Neither Greece or Washinbaon will confirm nor deny their removal; however, the US Munitions Support Squadron at Araxos, responsible for the physical security of the weapons, was also withdrawn in 2001. The reason for the denuclearization of Greece is unclear, as NATO has not offered an explanation. It is also unclear if the weapons were returned to the US or transferred to Italy or Turkey. It is the tirst case where nuclear weapons have been completely removed from a NATO state. http://wwwnrdc.ore/nuclear/euro/euro.pdf

2. Location and Capability of Nuclear Facilities

Research Reactors
Operational: 2
Shut down: 1
Decommissioned: 0
Under construction: 0
Planned: 0
http://wwwiaea.org/worldatom/rrdb/

Power Reactors: 0

3. Fissile Material Holdings

Highly Enriched Uranium end of 2003
In country: 0.003-0.016 tons
Supplied by: US
http://wwwisis-online/global_stocks/end2003/civil_heu_watch2005.pdf

4. Nuclear Activities

Research Programs
INP- Institute of Nuclear Physics
Institute of Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection
Nuclear Technology Lab
http://www.radwaste.org/research.htm

Nuclear Cooperation
Although it does not have any power reactors, Greece is a member of Euratom. Greece also has a bilateral nuclear cooperation agreement with Canada.

Nuclear cooperation agreements exist between Belgium, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Turkey to enable their national air forces to deliver US nuclear bombs in times of war.
http://wwwnrdc.ore/nuclear/euro/euro.pdf

5. International Non-proliferation Efforts

Treaties Signed and Ratified, date of deposit
Antarctic Treaty, 8 January 1987
APM Convention, 25 September 2003
Biological Weapons Convention, 10 December 1975
Certain Conventional Weapons Convention, 28 January 1992
Chemical Weapons Convention, 22 December 1994
Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, 21 April 1999
Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, 3 March 1980
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 11 March 1970
Outer Space Treaty, 19 January 1972
Seabed Treaty, 28 May 1985

Greece ratified the IAEA Additional Protocol on 30 April 2004.

Multilateral Groups
Australia Group
Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation
Missile Technology Control Regime
Nuclear Suppliers Group
Wassenaar Arrangement
Zangger Committee

6. Positions Taken in International Fora on Various Issues of Nuclear Disarmament

Safeguards: "We shall steadily promote universalization of the NPT and of all multilateral agreements related to weapons of mass destmction. We shall foster our efforts to convince all states to consider IAEA's Additional Protocol as a standard safeguards system. Nuclear materials, ballistic missiles, and other materials that can be used for weapons of mass destruction must be placed under effective international control. We believe that regimes controlling these transfers must become more effective, with strengthened criteria and fully complied." - Statement by Ambassador Eleftherios Danellis to the Seventh Review Conference of the NPT, 4 May 2005. http://www.un.org/events/npt2005/statements/npt04greece.pdf

Proliferation: "We are convinced that a balanced approach to NPT is indispensible and we shall commit our efforts to accomplishing all goals targeted by this treaty. We fully share deep concerns of the international community for the dangers of nuclear proliferation to global security including nuclear terrorism. In pursuing this goal, the intemational community has developed a number of important devices aiming at securing compliance with the Treaty IAEA's Additional Protocol, arrangements and regimes for control tranfers and exports of technologies and equipment (including dual use goods) were set to provide the necessary tools for verification. Proliferation security arrangements (PSI) have been developed, while international legal framework was enhanced through UN Security Council Resolution 1540." - Statement by Ambassador Eleftherios Danellis to the Seventh Review Conference of the NPT, 4 May 2005.
http://www.un.org/events/npt2005/statements/npt04greece.pdf

Reporting: "Reporting: "Greece views regular reporting on the implementation of article VI of the NPT and of paragraph 4 (c) of the Declaration on 'Principles and Objectives for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament' produced by the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference, as one of the fundamental elements of a genuinely strengthened review process. Greece is of the view that regular reporting helps to achieve transparency and, at the same time, to promote increased confidence in the overall NPT regime. Greece believes that transparency, confidence-building and the irreversibility of commitments made in the area of disarmament by States parties to the Treaty contributes to strengthening the principles of the NPT." - Report submitted by Greece to the Third Preparatory Committee of the Seventh Review Conference of the NPT (NPT/CONF2005/PC.IIU29).