Reaching for a Critical Mass of Political Will for Nuclear Disarmament
| Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) General
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Disarmament Index of high-level statements delivered in the General Debate of the 60th Session of the General Assembly, September 17 - 30, 2005 This is an index of all references made to issues of disarmament, peace and security, made in the General Debate of the General Assembly. This index is a tool to gauge the issues which will be detailed during the First Committee of the General Assembly, starting October 3, 2005. Included are all references made to arms control, disarmament, multilateralism, nuclear energy, nuclear weapon free zones, security, proliferation, terrorism and weapons. (Note: some transcripts were not available in English. Some excerpts are therefore unofficial translations by the RCW staff.)
These statements are to be delivered Speeches by: Click on a country: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antingua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Finland, Fiji, France, Gabon, Gambia, Germany, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia and Montenegro, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Soloman Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe. References to disarmament in the Secretary-General's Report to the General Assembly United
Nations Secretary General Disarmament: “Seventh, we must urgently begin to remedy our distressing failures on nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament. The consensus underlying the Non-Proliferation Treaty is badly frayed. Twice this year – at the NPT Review Conference and now at the Summit – months of negotiation yielded silence. States could not even agree to reaffirm their existing commitments, or find a way forward, even at the level of principles. They have been content to point fingers at each other, rather than work for solutions. Yet we face growing risks of proliferation and catastrophic terrorism, and the stakes are too high to continue down a dangerous path of diplomatic brinkmanship. Let’s instead work together to strengthen all three pillars of the regime -- non-proliferation, disarmament, and peaceful uses. I encourage Norway, Australia, Chile, Indonesia, Romania, South Africa and the United Kingdom to continue their efforts to find a way forward. All States should support their initiative to address this existential threat.” Multilateralism: “We also have hopeful signs that progress is possible towards the universal, rule based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system envisaged in the Summit document. Let’s build on that promise, and press ahead with the Doha trade round..” Multilateralism: “Sometimes, multilateral solutions seem impossibly difficult. But from time-to time, it pays to step back and see how far we have come.” Terrorism: “The Summit made breakthroughs in adopting strategies to fight poverty and disease, creating new machinery to win the peace in war-torn countries, and pledging collective action to prevent genocide. It made real progress on terrorism, human rights, democracy, management of the Secretariat, peacekeeping, and humanitarian response.” Terrorism: “Third, we must move forward on terrorism. The Summit contains, for the first time, an unqualified condemnation by all Member States of terrorism “in all its forms and manifestations, committed by whomever, wherever and for whatever purposes”. As you have agreed, you must build on that simple statement to complete a comprehensive convention against terrorism in the year ahead, and forge a global counter-terrorism strategy that weakens terrorists and strengthens the international community. We can do it, and we must do it.” President
of the 60th General Assembly Disarmament: “I believe the Outcome document is a strong and substantial foundation for our work on development, security and human rights as well as the organisation of the UN. Many see it as a solid basis for the most ambitious reform agenda in the history of the UN. Others argue it will make little difference in the outside world. Others still are frustrated that issues important to them are missing or insufficiently clear – be they on development, human rights, disarmament and non-proliferation or Security Council reform.” Multilateralism: “Our political leaders, who have come in such great numbers to New York, have instilled new energy into our efforts to meet these common development goals and to prepare the United Nations to meet the weighty demands placed on multilateral co-operation in the 21 st Century.” Terrorism: “Your views on the areas where we are expected to finish the work outlined in the Summit Outcome document will be of particular interest: primarily, the Peace Building Commission, the Human Rights Council, terrorism, and Security Council and management reform. As I indicated at the opening of the 60 th session, once we have absorbed all the contributions from the General Debate, I plan to present an outline of work for the year ahead related to Summit follow-up. At that point, I also intend to share with you some thoughts on the revitalization of the General Assembly.” Brazil Nuclear Disarmament/nonproliferation: “We recognize the risks of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. At the same time, we cannot disregard the importance of reducing and dismantling existing arsenals of all such weapons. We regret that the Seventh Review Conference of the NPT did not produce tangible results. Together with non-proliferation efforts, we must continue to work tirelessly towards nuclear disarmament”. Multilateralism: “…no Security Council reform will be meaningful should it not contemplate the expansion of permanent and non-permanent seats, with developing countries from Africa, Latin America and Asia in both categories. We cannot accept the perpetuation of imbalances that run contrary to the very spirit of multilateralism”. Security: “The establishment of a Peace-Building Commission will bridge an important institutional gap. It will be the link, inexistent today, between security and development”. Security: “We have been called upon to deal with new concepts such as "human security" and "responsibility to protect". We agree that they merit an adequate place in our system. But it is an illusion to believe that we can combat the dysfunctional politics at the root of grave human rights violations through military means alone, or even economic sanctions, to the detriment of diplomacy and persuasion.” Security: “Human security is mainly the result of just and equitable societies, which promote and protect human rights, strengthen democracy and respect the rule of law, while creating opportunities for economic development and social justice. The United Nations was not created to disseminate the notion that order should be imposed by force…the Charter foresees two situations for the use of force: the need to restore or maintain international peace and security and the right to self-defense. Mixing these two concepts would blur the very tenets of this Organization.” Terrorism: “This year we witnessed yet again brutal acts of terrorism. Innocent civilians, women and children are today victims of groups who stand as adversaries to the values we share. As a country whose identity cannot be dissociated from the notions of tolerance and diversity, Brazil rejects in the strongest terms these abhorrent acts, which go against the very notion of humanity.” Terrorism: “We will continue to lend our support to increased international cooperation in the combat against terrorism and to the elimination of its deep-rooted causes. Such efforts must be undertaken with due respect for international law and human rights. The fight against terrorism cannot be viewed in terms of police repression alone. Neither can such repressive acts result in absurd, indiscriminate deaths, similar to those caused by terrorism itself. Despite the fact that there is no automatic linkage between poverty and terrorism, communities can be exposed to extreme attitudes by fanatical groups as a result of grave social and economic problems – especially when associated with the absence of civil and political liberties. I wish to express Brazil s readiness to work intensively with a view to the prompt conclusion of a comprehensive convention on terrorism.” The
United States of America Nuclear: “It (the United Nations) must be able to deal with great challenges like nuclear proliferation, especially when countries like Iran threaten the effectiveness of the global non-proliferation regime. Questions about Iran's nuclear activities remain unanswered, despite repeated efforts by the IAEA. After agreeing to negotiate with Europe, Iran has unilaterally walked away from the talks and restarted its nuclear programs. All of this from a leading state sponsor of terrorism, which threatens to destroy the fragile opportunity for peace that now exists in the Middle East. Iran should return to the negotiations with the EU-3 -- and abandon forever its plans for a nuclear weapons capability.” Security/Proliferation/weapons: “The first purpose of the United Nations is to help "maintain international peace and security." In 1945, the most serious threats to peace and security emerged between states and were largely defined by their borders. Today, however, the greatest threats we face emerge within states and melt through their borders -- transnational threats like terrorism, and weapons proliferation, pandemic disease and trafficking in human beings.” Security: “We must survey the new international landscape lay firm foundations of moral principle and build institutions that reflect our unique moment in history. It is these institutions that enable citizens of conviction to lead us ever closer to the ideals of justice that stir every soul -- the universal desire for security, and prosperity, and liberty, and dignity.” Security: “Today, faced with the realities of a new world, we must transform the United Nations to meet the shared challenges of our time. The members of this body must work together to strengthen security in a world threatened by stateless extremists.” Terrorism: “Today, I call on the nations of the world to ratify the Comprehensive Convention on Terrorism. No cause, no movement, and no grievance can justify the intentional killing of innocent civilians and non-combatants. This is unacceptable by any moral standard. And it is time for every member of the United Nations to outlaw acts of international terrorism.” Terrorism: “In 1945, the most serious threats to peace and security emerged between states and were largely defined by their borders. Today, however, the greatest threats we face emerge within states and melt through their borders -- transnational threats like terrorism, and weapons proliferation, pandemic disease and trafficking in human beings.” Nigeria Disarmament/Nonproliferation: “Mr. President, Nigeria s commitment to nuclear non-proliferation has never been in doubt. We have always supported the view that it should involve all states. Disarmament Conventions merit the support of all states, small or large, nuclear or non-nuclear. My delegation regrets the failure of the 2005 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference. We should not allow the relative stability in our world to lure us to the belief that the need for total disarmament no longer exists; nor can we separate disarmament from non-proliferation.” Arms/Weapons: “The availability and wide circulation of small arms and light weapons pose the greatest danger to peace and security especially in our region. These weapons have helped to prolong conflicts, undermined stability, social peace and security and have wrought devastation on the economies of affected states. Nigeria, therefore, welcomes the agreement, in June 2005, on an international instrument that would enable States to identify and trace illicit small arms and light weapons in a timely and reliable manner. This is, however, only a stopgap measure. What we need is a legally binding international instrument that will regulate, control and monitor the illicit trade in small arms, including their transfer to non-state actors. By pronouncing ourselves clearly and positively in that direction, Member States would send a message of their resolve not to encourage or condone the diversion of these weapons to illicit networks.” Nuclear/Terrorism:“…my country welcomes the adoption on 13th April 2005, of the International Convention for the suppression of acts of nuclear terrorism and commits itself to work with others to mobilize the political will necessary to ensure the early coming into force of the Comprehensive Convention on Terrorism. We also welcome the UN Security Council Resolution against Incitement of Terrorism and terrorist acts.” Panama
(Spanish only) Ghana Disarmament: In this regard, the absence of progress on nuclear disarmament, the uncertain future of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), the stalemate within the Conference on Disarmament and the proliferation of small arms all over, with forces who are even ready to use child soldiers, are so disturbing that peace-loving nations must condemn them unreservedly. Multilateralism: “Now, more than ever before, there is a great need for a concerted approach to addressing these problems in the spirit of multilateralism which underpins the operations of the U.N.” Terrorism:“….this is why the current spate of catastrophes and natural disasters, coupled with human-created terrorism across the world are creating a veritable paradox, such as to warrant the loud and seemingly incontrovertible sentence that "no one is safe any where, any more".” Kyrgystan
Nuclear Free Zone: “We remain devoted to the establishment of the nuclear Free Zone in the Central Asia. Now the text of the relevant Treaty is coordinated by five countries of region and we are glad that the depository of the Treaty will be the Kyrgyz Republic. We believe that it is testimony of high trust and a recognition of the contribution of our republic in the implementation of the initiative establishing a Nuclear –free Zone. I am firmly convinced that the establishment of a Zone free from nuclear weapons in our region will promote the strengthening of global security and regional stability. We hope to obtain corresponding support of the world community.” Security: “The Summit of the United Nations which came to an end yesterday confirmed that the United Nations Organization remains the universal Organization capable of bringing important contributions to the matters of strengthening international peace and security, the maintenance of sustainable development, and the search for adequate answers to new global challenges and threats.” Security: “In previous years the Security Council has been repeatedly criticized for failures in the field of maintenance of international peace and security. Therefore for all of us it is extremely important that the Security Council most effectively way carry out the basic preservation of peace, international order and tranquility. Kyrgyzstan consistently supports expansion of the membership of the Security Council and reforming of its methods of work so that it will be become more representative and democratic, and the consequently more effective.” Security: “We all realize how great and complex are the challenges facing the United Nations in the area of maintenance of global peace and security. In this regard, I would like to note that Kyrgyzstan also intends to make a contribution. And for the first time, it has nominated its own candidature for non-permanent membership of the Security Council for the period of 2012-2013.” Security: “The history of international affairs
of second half of last century shows that it is practically impossible
to support successfully an international peace and security until
the basic conditions necessary for people's existence is created.
Poverty and deprivations often bring to escalation to the infringements
of international peace and security. It is no accident that exactly
in the poorest regions of the world , the most serious regional
conflicts arise. Simultaneously to reach the purposes of security
and of development, the international community should carry out
a more balanced policy.” Security: “Kyrgyzstan actively supports efforts of the international community on restoration and strengthening of the peace in Afghanistan and has given the territory for accommodation of forces of the Antiterrorist coalition and the Organization of the Treaty on Collective security, providing measures on maintenance of security in region.” Colombia
Multilateralism: "Colombia's adherence and respect for multilateralism is based on its active participation throughout the United Nations process, from the signing of the Charter in San Fransisco on the 26th of June 1945 until today, with the important presence of many of its bodies in my country, that support the national policies to solve the problems we face." "We wish for the discussion on reform to give greater confidence to multilateralism." Security: "Colombia is working on a new concept of Democratic Security. We call it democratic because it differs from the doctrine of National Security, which covered the continent and was used to suppress freedoms, punish democracy, stigmatize the opposition and frustrate dissent." "Our security is aimed at deepening democracy. We have gone to great lengths so this process of reestablishing security feels like a democratic value to all expressions of thought. We are determined that security reach equally, and in the most transparent and efficient manner, those closest to the government, as well as its most hardened opponents." "In Colombia, the security problem has been the product of the weakness of the State in facing criminals. We have wanted to transform the equation, and to have, finally, a State with the strength to guarantee Colombians the effectiveness of its freedoms and protect them from all threats." "The opposition in Colombia has always had guarantees, but today those guarantees are truly effective thanks to Democratic Security. Colombia has always embraced the cause of human rights, but these now count with greater respect in their practice thanks to Democratic Security. "Democratic Security has allowed investors to start regaining their confidence, as we begin to see the early signs of unemployment reduction." "In projecting our security policy to become an axiom of the State, we conceive it to be inexorably linked to the constant improvement of the social conditions of our people." "The dilemma between security and redistribution is false. Peace is the offspring of authority, but to be able to reach it defintively, we must construct a social fabric with equity." Security/Terrorism: "The concept of security we profess and practice, while strengthening the people's trust in institutions, demands that those who have chosen violence cease hostilities and ready themselves to negotiate a definite peace. The decisive and firm action to combat those who practice terror, along with a generous policy for those who decide to give up armed intimidation, has allowed the demobilization and reinsertion into society of close to 20,000 terrorists, out of the close to 50,000 we face. The government's door remains open to negotiation." Terrorism: "From the recognition of diveristy and the evolution of thought springs our vocation for pluralism. It guides our struggle with terrorism, which we have carried out with democratic conviction for three long years." "For three consecutive years the number of homicides, kidnappings, and other terrorist crimes has fallen in Colombia. We have not yet won the struggle against terrorism, but we are winning it. That victory will bring peace and progress to our country, and, with illicit drugs uprooted from our soil, the world will feel great relief. For this, we need the participation and support of the international community." Jamaica Disarmament: “I have spoken thus far on development issues. But these are closely related to other critical areas of the international agenda. One such area is disarmament and arms control which is in danger of becoming a neglected and forgotten goal of the United Nations. The link between disarmament and development is even more relevant today. The figures are startling. Roughly one trillion dollars is now annually spent on weapons and military equipment of all kinds, consuming a massive share of the world's resources. If such resources were channelled into development, the world would not only be more prosperous, it would be much safer and more secure. Our concern is not just about nuclear weapons. It is also about the proliferation of guns of every description which endanger the lives of ordinary citizens, undermine the rule of law and threaten social stability. Those who manufacture these weapons must exercise greater controls and support anti-proliferation efforts.” Security: “The United Nations was established to bring peace and security to this world and to play a major role in promoting development. The United Nations must not allow, as has appeared in recent years, any pa of its mandate to be usurped.” Terrorism: All our citizens are demanding that collectively we emerge with a clear vision, that we display the courage and unrelenting commitment to build a world of peace, of justice and equity which we can inhabit together in true harmony. They are convinced that it is within our power to rid the only planet where human life prevails of hunger, ignorance and disease. They believe we can afford shelter to the homeless and eradicate poverty everywhere -- that once we have the political will and determination; we can prevent genocide, combat terrorism – that irrespective of gender, race, colour or religious creed, we can ensure for every person the inalienable right of human dignity. United
Kingdom Disarmament: “Like the Secretary-General, the EU had hoped for greater progress in some areas: a more substantial terms of reference for the new Human Rights Council; agreement to give the Secretary-General more flexibility and authority as Chief Administrative Officer of his Secretariat, in return for greater accountability; and backing for further measures on nonproliferation and disarmament.” Disarmament: “Despite the Summit's failure to reach agreement on measures for non-proliferation and disarmament, work to make progress on these issues must go on. In his speech to the NPT Review conference, the Secretary General gave stark warning of the catastrophic global impact of any such use. We should heed his words. At the conference the international community made clear its continued commitment to the non-proliferation regime and to disarmament.” Terrorism/Proliferation: “The EU knows that a stronger
and more effective United Nations is the only way to secure global
stability and prosperity…failure in UN-led efforts to tackle
the threats of terrorism and proliferation would endanger the prosperity
of the developing world as much as the developed. The United Nations
should not be a forum for countries to push individual agendas,
but one in which the international community can agree common action
for the benefit of all the world's citizens.” Security: “The Secretary General has said that we will achieve neither development nor security without respect for human rights.” Security: “Protection and promotion of human rights has been reinforced as the third pillar of the UN's work, alongside development and peace and security.” Terrorism: “Without a shared effort to accelerate progress towards the Millennium Development Goals, rich and poor countries alike face a future of increased instability. Failure in UN-led efforts to tackle the threats of terrorism and proliferation would endanger the prosperity of the developing world as much as the developed. The United Nations should not be a forum for countries to push individual agendas, but one in which the international community can agree common action for the benefit of all the world's citizens.” Terrorism: “Increasingly, conflict and violence takes place beyond the boundaries of conventional war. In July, the EU again suffered the horror of a major terrorist atrocity. This time, the target was London. But no continent is safe from the threat of terror. International terrorism requires an international response; we pay the price for each others' vulnerabilities.” Terrorism: “The United Nations has already done much to set international standards against terrorism and to encourage and help States to meet them. The EU welcomes the Summit Outcome's clear condemnation of terrorism and the undertaking to conclude a comprehensive convention on international terrorism during the 60th session of the General Assembly. But the EU believes we must go further and affirm that the targeting and deliberate killing of civilians and non-combatants cannot be justified or legitimised by any cause or grievance.” Sri
Lanka Disarmament: “Five decades on, I have the pleasure
to say that my country has kept this promise by regularly contributing
to consensus building in this Organization in areas ranging from
Law of The Sea, to disarmament and from human rights to the issue
of terrorism. We remain fully committed to the United Nations.” Terrorism: “Just as my country was in national distress in the aftermath of the tsunami disaster, we are now in distress in the face of an ominous renewal of terror on our soil. One month ago, my dear colleague Lakshman Kadirgamar, the Foreign Minister of Sri Lanka was assassinated by a calculated and barbaric act of terrorism…he was bold enough to expose to the world the true face of terrorism inflicted upon my country. For eleven long years Mr. Kadirgamar, from this very podium warned this Assembly about the threat posed by terrorism to the democratic way of life, not only in Sri Lanka, but across the globe.” Terrorism: “I firmly believe that terrorism cannot be eliminated through military suppression by the State machinery. The socio economic and cultural roots of a conflict must be sought and effectively redressed… we recognize that a lasting solution to the ethnic issues and terrorism in Sri Lanka or anywhere else, can only be found through negotiations and dialogue.” Terrorism: “Sri Lanka, as we have been for long years, remains firmly committed to the global endeavor to fight terrorism in all its aspects. No cause justifies terror to be unleashed indiscriminately upon the innocent. Sri Lanka has accordingly signed and ratified all UN Conventions aimed at combating terrorism. We earnestly hope that at this session, it would be possible to conclude work on the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism to complete and strengthen the international, legal framework to combat terrorism through collective measures. Sri Lanka will continue to provide its contribution to facilitate a consensus in its capacity as the Chair of the UN Ad Hoc Committee on this subject.” Terrorism: “In my view, there are three evils that plague our world today that can have no place in this modern globalizing era of the 21 st Century. They are poverty, disease and terrorism. Today, these evils affect the social, cultural and economic wellbeing of a majority of humankind. No country can deal with these threats by themselves. International cooperation is in our self-interest and must be mustered.” Iran
(The Islamic Republic of) Disarmament: “Nuclear weapons and their proliferation, and attempts to impose an apartheid regime on access to peaceful nuclear energy, are two major threats, challenging international tranquility and peace. Keeping in mind that in past years no serious efforts – complimented by practical mechanisms -- have been made to move towards full disarmament and more specifically implement the decisions and outcomes of the NPT Review Conferences of 1995 and 2000, I suggest that the General Assembly, as the most inclusive UN organ, mandate an ad-hoc committee to compile and submit a comprehensive report on possible practical mechanisms and strategies for complete disarmament. This Committee should also be asked to investigate as to how – contrary to the NPT -- material, technology and equipment for nuclear weapons were transferred to the Zionist regime, and to propose practical measures for the establishment of a nuclear-weapons-free zone in the Middle East.” Disarmament: ‘Some powerful states practice a discriminatory approach against access of NPT members to material, equipment, and peaceful nuclear technology, and by doing so, intend to impose a nuclear apartheid. We are concerned that once certain powerful states completely control nuclear energy resources and technology, they will deny access to other states and thus deepen the divide between powerful countries and the rest of the international community. When that happens, we will be divided into light and dark countries. Regrettably, in the past 30 years, no effective measure has been implemented to facilitate the exercise of the legally recognized right of NPT state parties to have access to and use peaceful nuclear energy in accordance with article IV. Therefore, the General Assembly should ask the IAEA – in accordance with article 2 of its Statute– to report on violations by specific countries that have hindered the implementation of the above article and also produce practical strategies for its renewed implementation. What needs our particular attention is the fact that peaceful use of nuclear energy without possession of nuclear fuel cycle is an empty proposition. Nuclear power plants can indeed lead to total dependence of countries and peoples if they need to rely for their fuel on coercive powers, who do not refrain from any measure in furtherance of their interests. No popularly elected and responsible government can consider such a situation in the interest of its people. The history of dependence on oil in oil rich countries under domination is an experiment that no independent country is willing to repeat. Those hegemonic powers, who consider scientific and technological progress of independent and free nations as a challenge to their monopoly on these important instruments of power and who do not want to see such achievements in other countries, have misrepresented Iran's healthy and fully safeguarded technological endeavors in the nuclear field as pursuit of nuclear weapons. This is nothing but a propaganda ploy. The Islamic Republic of Iran is presenting in good faith its proposal for constructive interaction and a just dialogue. However, if some try to impose their will on the Iranian people through resort to a language of force and threat with Iran, we will reconsider our entire approach to the nuclear issue.” Disarmament: “Allow me, as the elected President
of the Iranian people, to outline the other main elements of my
country's initiative regarding the nuclear issue: Arms: “If some, relying on their superior military and economic might, attempt to expand their rights and privileges, they will be performing a great disservice to the cause of peace and in fact will fuel the arms race and spread insecurity, fear and deception.” Arms/Terrorism: “Are we to believe that their benefactors,
i.e. the very same hegemonic powers have lost control? If the answer
is yes, would it not be better for those powers to adopt an honest
and transparent approach to the international community, provide
precise information about the main elements and their arms and financial
support system, and accept responsibility for their inhuman actions
against nations and countries, and thereby assist peoples and nations
to correctly, wisely and sincerely fight the roots of terrorism.” Nuclear: “We believe that all countries and nations are entitled to technological and scientific advancement in all fields, particularly the peaceful technology to produce nuclear fuel.” Proliferation: “…the prevalence of military domination, increasing poverty, the growing gap between rich and poor countries, violence as a means to solve crises, spread of terrorism, specially state terrorism, existence and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the pervasive lack of honesty in interstate relations, and disregard for the equal rights of peoples and nations in international relations, constitute some of the challenges and threats.” Security: “Today, to establish peace and security in the region, foreign occupation forces must leave and completely hand over the political and economic sovereignty of these two countries to their peoples. The Islamic Republic of Iran will continue to provide full and comprehensive support to the people of Iraq and Afghanistan and their elected governments, and will actively help them in the establishment of order and security.” Security: “After September 11, a particular radical group was accused of terrorist activities -- although it was never explained how such huge intelligence gathering and security organizations failed to prevent such an extensive and well planned operation.” Terrorism: “Unfortunately, the world is rife with discrimination and poverty. Discrimination produces hatred, war and terrorism. They all share the common root of lack of spirituality coupled with injustice.” Terrorism: “Terrorism and WMDs are two major threats before the international community. The Islamic Republic of Iran, as one of the main victims of terrorism and chemical weapons, fully appreciates the difficulties that lie ahead in the road to combat these menaces. Today, the most serious challenge is that the culprits are arrogating to themselves the role of the prosecutor. Even more dangerous is that certain parties relying on their power and wealth try to impose a climate of intimidation and injustice over the world make bullying, while — through their huge media resources — portray themselves as defenders of freedom, democracy and human rights. People around the world are fully aware of what is happening in the occupied Palestine. Women and children are being murdered and adolescents taken prisoner. Houses are being demolished and farms burnt down. Yet, when the people of Palestine resist these conditions, they are accused of terrorism. At the same time, the occupier, which does not abide by any principles and terror is part of its pronounced and routine policy enjoys the support of the previously mentioned governments. Let me be blunter. State terrorism is being supported by those who claim to fight terrorism.” South
Africa Disarmament: “The issues of non-proliferation and disarmament of weapons of mass destruction are matters of critical concern to all nations, both large and small. And yet we failed to address these matters in the Outcome Document adopted by the Millennium Review Summit last night, even as the issue of nuclear weapons and their non-proliferation is among the most prominent items in world news and the international agenda. None of us can justly claim that our failure as the United Nations to take specific decisions on these matters served to enhance global security from the threat of weapons of mass destruction.” Terrorism/Multilateralism: “We have all recognised the serious and urgent threat posed by international terrorism to all our nations. We have all accepted the reality that we need a multilateral response to this common threat. And yet we have still not succeeded to arrive at a common definition of this threat as well as an identification of its fundamental causes.” Security: “The process of globalisation means that our common world is more integrated today than it was when the United Nations was formed 60 years ago. Similarly, the interconnectedness of the issues of peace, security, development and human rights has never been more pronounced than it is today.” Brunei
Darussalum Paraguay
(Spanish only) Namibia Multilateralism: “As we reviewed the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and other decisions taken by major International Conferences during the 2005 Summit, it became clear that we still have a long way to go to honour our commitments. It is, therefore, important that we narrow our differences and forge a common front with a common objective to better serve humanity. We should, therefore, make collective and effective use of existing multilateral mechanisms, especially the United Nations in order to succeed in eliminating current and future threats.” Security: “Our ability to effectively eliminate threats to international peace and security will depend on the manner in which we address the social and economic challenges facing our peoples globally.” Security: “In conclusion, I wish to reiterate my Government's hope that, when we accept our collective responsibility, the United Nations can and will indeed succeed in preserving international peace and security, and therefore, guarantee equality and justice for all humanity. We, the people of the United Nations, must do what is required to bequeath to the next generations a better future. To this end, the Government and people of Namibia pledge our total commitment.”
Somalia
Disarmament: The International Community must help Somalia by providing the necessary financial and political support to enable rapidly the new government…to tackle the security issues such recruiting the national Police Force, Pacification programmes and the implementation of Demobilization, Disarmament and Reintegration programmes (DDR). Arms/Security: Another puzzle which poses more of a serious problem to the new government of Somalia is the UN s Arms Embargo on Somalia. The Embargo directly undermines the government s inherent right and genuine effort of forming its national security force that would protect the public and keep the peace by enforcing the law and order throughout Somalia. In addition it discourages willing friendly countries from offering their help to Somalia, especially in the areas of security and the rule of law. More over, the embargo in effect has delayed the formal deployment of the African Peace Support Mission in Somalia whose mandate is to protect the government and its premises during its capacity-building period as well as to help the government in the creation and training of Somalia s national security forces. Arms/Terrorism: “With the creation of the new government and its relocation to Somalia, those prevailing political conditions and realities under which the UN had to introduce the Arms Embargo on Somalia are not valid any more., Then whose interests and purposes does this embargo continue to serve now that there is a legitimate functioning government in Somalia?” Arms: “The Security Council must assist the efforts of the TFG in the stabilization of the country, by reviewing the merits of the Arms Embargo on Somalia and promptly lifting it.” Security: “This government is serious and committed to the basic social contract it made with its citizens: to guarantee peace and security to its people in return for the allegiance they have already conferred to their government.” Uruguay Multilateralism/Terrorism: Although I have already expressed it during our intervention at the High Level Plenary meeting, which took place in this same hall a few hours ago, I wish to reiterate before this Assembly that Uruguay reaffirms the principles that have characterized its foreign policy… the firm rejection against any kind of terrorism, violence and discrimination…the reaffirmation of multilateralism as a means to strengthen the international law, enhancing the role of the United Nations. Terrorism: There is no peace in intolerance and terrorism, no freedom in poverty, and no democracy in inequality. It is imperative to reject every expression of violence, but before rejecting it, is important to avoid it by attacking its roots. Equatorial
Guinea (Spanish only)
Japan DISARMAMENT/TERRORISM/SECURITY: "Japan has taken
the lead in assisting the Afghan efforts for disarmament, demobilization
and reintegration (DDR), in conjunction with UNAMA (the UN Assistance
Mission in Afghanistan). As a result, about 63,000 ex-combatants
are to complete the reintegration program by the end of next June.
Japanese self-Defense Forces vessels are engaged in activities in
the Indian Ocean in support of the "To this end, Japan will submit a General Assembly resolution,
presenting a NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION/NUCLEAR ENERGY: "To this
end, Japan will submit a General Assembly resolution, presenting
a concrete agenda to strengthen the disarmament and nonproliferation
regime, The DPRK's nuclear programs pose a serious challenge to the international
"Japan is committed to a peaceful resolution of the nuclear
issue through the With regard to the Iranian nuclear issue, Japan believes that this
issue should TERRORISM: "In recent years, we have witnessed countless
tragedies caused by terrorist acts. SECURITY:"Development provides a foundation for peace
and stability. The new United The concept of human security - centering on protection and empowerment
of Monaco Security: "In sixty years, a lot has been achieved. Today, our Organisation consists of 191 Member States. We expressed the wish, as many Heads of State and Government have during this Summit, that a new step be taken in favor of collective security, the respect of human rights and the fight against poverty and disease that continue to affect so many peoples." Iraq Security: "We are marching towards political stability
and economic prosperity, and regaining "The Iraqi forces continue building and training to take over
all security matters and not "For Iraq today to join back the community of world nations,
be an asset, and participate Terrorism: "Today, Iraq is witnessing and living
cruel, vicious and merciless attacks from
Disarmament: "Weapons of Mass Destruction can kill
all of us here, all at once, and they can wipe out "Sweden looks forward to the recommendations of the Commission
on Weapons of Mass Multilateralism: "We need a multilateralism that
is effective, with institutions that have teeth and a strong Security: "Human rights are violated across the world, creating enormous suffering and affecting both security and development." Terrorism: "Terrorism has taken the lives of thousands
of innocent people. One of our most urgent priorities must be to
stop and prevent terrorism. It remains a threat to all of us. We
need to Ecuador Terrorism: “…our second millennium faces the reality of growing poverty in two thirds of the planet. Water is becoming scarce, holes deplete the ozone layer and along with biodiversity, the Amazon is being destroyed. Entire Nations are condemned to wander as disinherited immigrants, mortal illnesses hover over humanity, and terrorism lurks.” Nauru Security: “…in this respect, Nauru looks to the United Nations as the global leader in reaching this vision of a better world. A world in which human rights are collectively recognized and defended, terrorism of any form is eliminated, peace and security is promoted and maintained, and poverty is eradicated.” Security: “The decision to not consider the question of the people of Taiwan is a gross dereliction of duty. There are 23 million people on Taiwan that are being denied the right to be recognized and protected by this very organization. The United Nations has a role in assisting and facilitating constructive dialogue to ensure a future of peace for the people of Taiwan. Peace and security in the Taiwan straits is peace and security in the Asia-Pacific region.” Zimbabwe Multilateralism: “For many years, we have spoken in favour of an approach to international peace and security that is firmly rooted on the principle of multilateralism and the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations. We maintain that any diversion from this approach is unacceptable, undesirable and devoid of legal justification. We are pleased to note that the majority of views expressed during the last Session reinforced this principle.” Security: “Our expectation is that the Security Council, in its current form, or in whatever character and composition it will eventually take, will, like all other bodies of the United Nations, limit itself to what is contained in its mandate. We do not subscribe to the suggestion that all problems, social, cultural, economic, and health, among others, are necessarily threats to international peace and security and that they should therefore be referred to the Security Council.” Security/Terrorism: “Recently, we witnessed the United Kingdom abusing its privilege and acting dishonestly as a member of the Council by seeking to score cheap political points in its bilateral dispute with us. We were dragged on to the Council's agenda over an issue that has no relevance to the maintenance of international peace and security. Let me pay tribute, Mr. President, to those members of the Security Council who saw through this cheap politicking and manipulation of procedures, which the same country, by the way, has vowed to resume as soon as the Council is appropriately chaired. It is my hope that Member countries will join us in rejecting this neocolonialist attempt and blatant interference in the internal affairs of Zimbabwe. But, then, is it not obvious that Britain, under the regime of Tony Blair, bas ceased to respect the Charter of the United Nations? Witness its being a principal member of the anti-Iraq illegal Coalition that went on a devastating campaign of the country in complete defiance of the United Nations Charter! Any state or group of States that commits such an act of aggression on another, justifying it on blatant falsehoods, surely becomes guilty of state terrorism.” Security: “Zimbabwe is a country at peace with itself and with its neighbours and offers absolutely no threat to international peace and security. Is it not, therefore, surprising that Britain and its Anglo-Saxon allies have embarked on a vicious campaign of first peddling blatant lies intended to tarnish it and secondly appealing to Europe and America for sanctions against it? These imperialist countries have unashamedly abused the power of the media by hypocritically portraying themselves as philanthropists and international saviours of victims of various calamities.” Peru Arms/Weapons: “Peru had an active participation in the elaboration of the "Program of Action regarding illicit trade in small arms and light weapons". We follow, very closely, the implementation of this Programme, primordial in the fight against drug trafficking and organized crime, and we reiterate our invocation for marking and tracking of small antis and light weapons to be juridical binding. to all States.” Nuclear/Terrorism: “Simultaneously with the agenda for development, it is necessary that the international system fortifies the collective security to face threats such as terrorism, nuclear proliferation, organized transnational crime, among others. This year again, we have been moved by terrorism acts perpetuated in several latitudes. Peru that suffered and combated terror for a long time, expresses its solidarity with the victims of these criminal acts. We reiterate our firm condemn to all terrorism acts and our commitment through mutual cooperation for preventing, combating, sanctioning and eradicating terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. As an expression of this commitment, it has been grateful for me to subscribe the International Agreement for Nuclear Terrorism Acts Repression, instrument that is added to the 12 United Nations Counterterrorism Conventions, of which Peru is member. Peru appeals to this Assembly not to continue delaying the adoption of a General Convention on Counterterrorism. At the same time, it is necessary to implement a collective strategy in this fight that fortifies the national capacities and the cooperative mechanisms operating between States.” Proliferation/Security: “A year ago I expressed in this same forum the necessity to face the reality the world is acquiring. On the one hand, it is globally integrated by productive processes, the trade, financial flows, the digital revolution of telecommunications and the spread of values as democracy and human rights. At the same time, it is fragmented by the increase of social inequities, proliferation of civil wars, collapse of the States, genocide, terrorism, transnational crime and environmental degradation. These contradictory tendencies between globalization and fragmentation put under question governance within the States, governance of the International System, and in the last instance, the international collective security itself.” Security: “Peace and security and the stability of global system, do not only have to do with political, military and strategic facts. Peace and security have social and economic components. Poverty and exclusion conspire against peace, security and democracy. Social exclusion is a firing pin of violence, instability, the democracy fragility and national and international fragmentation. For this reason, we require to concert actions to face these contradictions. This is the principal commitment that we, the States, have acquired in the recent Summit and which have to be worked by the United Nations and the multilateral system as a whole. That is why I am going to make reference to the two big axes of these commitments: development and security.” Security: “For my Government, peace and international security are a main objective and a constant that in accordance to our possibilities has been materialized in concrete actions.” Zambia Security: “The position, I have outlined above, does not in any way mean that Africa is against the expansion of the Security Council to include other important countries that contribute to international peace and security. Let me reaffirm, in this regard that Zambia supports the four candidate States of Brazil, Germany, India and Japan to permanent membership on the Security Council with full privileges including that of veto power.” Security: “My delegation commends the United Nations' support to the efforts of the African Union's peace initiatives on the continent. The Pan-African Parliament, and the Peace and Security Council are part of the infrastructure in support of peace and security. In this regard, I wish to pledge Zambia's continued support of the process.” Security: “Zambia, as one of the core Member States of the Great Lakes Region, would like to associate herself with the remarkable progress that continues to be made in the areas of peace and security in the sub-region since the Security Council Report of November 17, 2003 by the Secretary-General on Preparations for an International Conference on the Great Lakes Region. We are encouraged by some positive developments brought about, so far, through the process of "Regional Ownership and International Partnership" with the combined efforts of the UN and the African Union, the Group of Friends and the sub-regional Governments concerned.” Terrorism: “My Government will continue to play its part in the fight against international terrorism. Zambia rejects terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. We are determined to work with the rest of the international community to implement the counter-terrorism strategy.” Cyprus Disarmament: “Fulfilling our pledges in a timely manner is not a responsibility applicable only to traditional security threats. Terrorism, transnational crime, and many other security deficits require our full attention in the form of elaborating result-oriented action plans. Regarding, for instance, weapons of mass destruction, although we are aware of the inextricable link between disarmament and non-proliferation, we have not yet been able to strike the kind of balance that will allow us to pursue them equally and simultaneously. And while we have identified underdevelopment and poverty as key enemies of stability, this realisation is not yet adequately reflected in our actions. Moreover, even though we have codified the entire spectrum of human rights, those mechanisms that would enable the implementation of the relevant instruments and the unmitigated protection of human rights remain insufficient.” Multilateralism: “With the end of the High-Level Summit, we have entered a far more crucial phase – that of the follow-up and implementation of its outcome and the furtherance of the progress achieved, especially in terms of those targets which have been subject to an enforcement roadmap since the Millennium Summit. The realisation of the content of our Declaration in conjunction with reforming the United Nations may very well judge this Organisation's relevance and standing in the decades to come and with that the fate of our attempts to render effective multilateralism the cornerstone of international order.” Nonproliferation/Security/Disarmament: “Fulfilling our pledges in a timely manner is not a responsibility applicable only to traditional security threats. Terrorism, transnational crime, and many other security deficits require our full attention in the form of elaborating result-oriented action plans. Regarding, for instance, weapons of mass destruction, although we are aware of the inextricable link between disarmament and non-proliferation, we have not yet been able to strike the kind of balance that will allow us to pursue them equally and simultaneously. Security: “Beyond the wide spectrum of issues covered in the Summit's Outcome Document, we must not lose sight of those realities to which the United Nations must – and is expected to – remain primarily focused on. For these we must go back to the genesis of the Organisation. In the wake of the Second World War, a vision emerged to establish a system of collective security and institutionalise mechanisms that would ensure the maximisation of conflict prevention and the minimisation of the duration and impact of a conflict. During the course of the United Nations' 60 year history, we have come to realise both that these objectives have not been entirely fulfilled and that security is not a monolithic and uni-dimensional concept. Its multifaceted nature implies that it cannot be dealt with in isolation – rather, a comprehensive approach is required for peace and security to universally prevail. Furthermore, the interdependent nature of its numerous components leaves no option but a coordinated and simultaneous response.” Security: The assessment of the current state of the world, through the comprehensive Report of the Secretary-General on the work of the Organisation, which we have before us, leads to the conclusion that long-standing conflicts — with all their ramifications — remain a primary source of concern for the international community. Their capacity to influence entire regions as well as the wider stability and security is testament to the necessity of containing the outburst of even seemingly superficial unrest. Without attempting to define a causative link between security and prosperity, our experience has amply shown that where there is security, there is potential. Security: “The Middle East is another test case. In recent weeks, it has proven that reciprocal gestures do have the capacity to construct common ground, even where that does not seem on the surface to exist. Israel's withdrawal from Gaza and parts of the northern West Bank is an important development that should lead to the implementation of the Quartet Roadmap. Israel's paradigm to remove settlers is one to be followed by other occupying powers using settlers as a means of warfare. Even though the security situation is still fragile and even though the political negotiation might not always be moving forward, the parties are offered a closed course, in the form of the Roadmap, which has the potential to steadily lead to progress. Furthermore we firmly believe that the gathering momentum would be aided by strict adherence to international law and international humanitarian law, including the opinion of the International Court of Justice on the construction of the barrier.” Sao
Tome and Principe Arms/Security: “The present session takes place in a very complex international environment. Truthfully, the climate of permanent tension experienced in some parts of the world, the unbridled arms race, human trafficking, cross-border organized crime, terrorism, systematic violations of human rights, economic depression and environmental degradation, constitute important matters that are in need of the attention of the UN in these times and in the years to come. In the face of such challenges, it is up to the member states to manifest a sense of wisdom and responsibility for an international order based on peace, security, and cooperation to prevail.” Security: “The bases of international security are founded on the protection of the people and the education of capacity building promotion of community's development. Nations that do not pay attention to this set of conditions could be in permanent tensions which are not convenient. For this reason, HIV/AIDS, poverty, political crises, ongoing violations of human rights, oppression and occupation, constitute threats to human security.” Security/weapons: “My country is facing with great concern the problem of the insecurity existing in some regions of the world, whose marked deterioration has brought us to the point of reaching levels of extreme violence. Environmental degradation, kidnappings, the deaths of innocents, illegal trafficking in weapons and narcotics, and the use of landmines constitute sources of insecurity that we have to take strong initiative and active policies. This situation of insecurity foremost affects the most vulnerable populations, specifically refugees, children, women and the elderly.” Security: ‘We need resources that contribute to the improvement of our security, border control and territorial waters, among others, and in this regard reinforcing our capabilities to fight the phenomenon of terrorism becomes a priority.” Terrorism: “For its part terrorism is destabilizing governments, destroying lives and claiming innocent victims. We are faced with a challenge that requires reformulating the strategies of combat. It seems entirely recommendable to start with an understanding of the origins of the problem by identifying the causes and redefining new consensuses, improving the methods of combating it. The implementation of Resolution 1373 (2001). However, additional actions on the part of the United Nations must be unleashed to benefit states which, like my own, are not in a position to fully comply with all the objectives of the resolution. We need resources that contribute to the improvement of our security, border control and territorial waters, among others, and in this regard reinforcing our capabilities to fight the phenomenon of terrorism becomes a priority.” Kazakhstan Disarmament: “Since the early years of its independence, Kazakhstan has been pursuing a principled policy of demilitarization and nuclear disarmament. We call for the universalization of international instruments in that area. This year, we marked the 10 th anniversary of the removal from the territory of Kazakhstan of all nuclear devices left over from the former Soviet Union. Kazakhstan has set a commendable example by voluntarily eliminating its nuclear arsenal, the fourth largest in the world, and shutting down the Semipalatinsk nuclear testing ground, the site of nearly 500 nuclear explosions.” Arms: “The international community should not relax efforts to combat illegal trafficking in conventional arms. According to the United Nations, some 500 million small arms and light weapons are in circulation all over the world. We share the view of the Secretary-General, who compared small arms with weapons of mass destruction since year after year they kill hundreds of thousands of people all over the world, thus fostering the culture of violence and terror and trampling human rights.” Nuclear: “The global security system is serious crisis today. The 2005 NPT Review Conference has failed to set up a balanced and comprehensive mechanism that would facilitate the strengthening of the international non-proliferation regime and complete elimination of nuclear weapons. Even more disturbing is the lack of clear recommendations on nonproliferation and disarmament in the outcome document of the Summit. We believe that it is necessary to put in place a mechanism of international sanctions against states that violate both the NPT Treaty and the non-proliferation regime in general. Otherwise, we will not be able to prevent the continued spread of nuclear weapons around the world. Our country calls for |